INTRODUCTION Persons may be either natural or artificial. There may be a human being who is not a person, e.g. enslaved people, and there may be persons who are not human beings, e.g. a corporation, etc. The subject of rights and duties is generally human beings, but certain groups of men or property are also … Read more
INTRODUCTION A mA Memorandum, commonly called a memo, is a concise and formal document used in various professional settings to communicate important information within an organization. Memo writing is a valuable skill that students can develop to enhance their academic performance, particularly in exams. This article will provide a detailed understanding of memo writing and … Read more
INTRODUCTION Evidence is vital in administering justice and is a check against instituting a false & vexatious suit. Islam vehemently stresses justice in the judicial system. The essential principle in Islam is that everyone is bound not to violate the rights of others and convey to them their due, and the state has to protect … Read more
INTRODUCTION A legal right is a difficult concept. Legal ownership, in its strict sense, is an assessable claim enforceable before courts and administrative agencies. A legal right is a capacity to assert a secured interest rather than a lawsuit that could be stated in the Courts, and it includes not only rights conferred by statute … Read more
INTRODUCTION Application writing is a crucial skill that enables individuals to effectively communicate their qualifications, experiences, and intentions when applying for various opportunities. Whether it’s applying for a job, scholarship, internship, or college admission, the ability to construct a compelling and well-structured application can significantly enhance your chances of success. In this article, we will … Read more
INTRODUCTION Jihad has great importance in Islam. It defends Islam and promotes it abroad to protect the Muslims of Muslim countries and the world. It is obligatory for every Muslim. Both the Holy Quran and Sunnah stress its importance. Owing to its vital importance in Islam, a place along with the “Five Pillars of Islam” … Read more
INTRODUCTION Strict Liability offences are those for which a man is responsible, irrespective of wrongful intent or negligence. They are the exceptions to the general requirement of fault. CONCEPT OF LIABILITY Liability implies the state of a person who has acted contrary to duty. Thus, Liability is the responsibility that befalls an offender when … Read more
INTRODUCTION Book review writing is a form of literary criticism that entails analyzing, evaluating, and providing an opinion on a book’s content, style, and merit. It shares your perspective on a particular book, conveying your thoughts, insights, and recommendations to potential readers. Understanding the fundamentals of book review writing is crucial for students preparing for … Read more
INTRODUCTION The US Constitution is a written document. The American Constitution is to be found in the documents prepared in 1787, ratified in 1788, and enforced in 1789, and also in the amendments made occasionally. The critical constitutional decisions the Supreme Court makes are also a part of the American Constitution. GROWTH OF THE … Read more
INTRODUCTION The legal principles governing the treatment of prisoners of War are outlined in Islamic law. Men, women, and children may all be taken as prisoners of War under traditional interpretations of Islamic law. Generally, a prisoner of War could be freed, ransomed, exchanged for Muslim prisoners, or kept in bondage. In earlier times, the … Read more
INTRODUCTION Ownership is a relation between a person and a thing that is the object of Ownership. It is also a relation between a person and a right vested in him. The concept of Ownership is both of legal and social interest. It came into existence when people began to think about mine and theirs. … Read more
INTRODUCTION The US Constitution is the government’s primary instrument and the land’s supreme law. For two centuries, it has guided the evolution of government institutions and has provided the basis for political stability, social progress, and economic growth. The present Constitution of the USA was adopted at the Philadelphia Convention held in 1787. It came … Read more
INTRODUCTION In Islamic criminal law, every person, irrespective of any distinction of nation, rank, caste or creed, is liable to the punishment provided an offence is proved against him. If successful, the legal consequences of criminal proceedings are several penalties provided in the form of Hadd and Tazir. ISLAMIC THEORY OF CRIMINALITY (a) The … Read more
INTRODUCTION The US Constitution is written. It is rigid. The reason for its rigidity is that its amendment process is challenging and complicated. A unique method is required to amend this Constitution. Only 26 modifications have been made to the Constitution so far in the history of the US Constitution. PROCEDURE OF AMENDMENT Article … Read more
INTRODUCTION Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers advocates dividing governmental authority into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. Passion is the cruellest when it is most concentrated and least brutal when diversified. The way to avoid the abuse of power by governmental agencies is to divide the political power and vest it into the hands … Read more
INTRODUCTION The framers of the American Constitution were aware of the defects of the theory of separation of powers. They modified the system of separation of powers by a system of checks and balances to make authorities limited, controlled, and defused. MEANING OF CHECKS & BALANCES It is the theory of governmental power and … Read more
Introduction Human rights law is a cornerstone of international law, dedicated to safeguarding every individual’s inherent rights and freedoms, regardless of their background or nationality. We will delve into human rights law, examining its historical evolution, fundamental principles, international instruments, enforcement mechanisms, challenges, and progress in pursuing a more equitable and just world. Evolution … Read more
Introduction Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a powerful and versatile approach to resolving conflicts and disputes without resorting to traditional courtroom litigation. ADR offers a pragmatic and cost-effective way to address disputes, making it an invaluable tool in today’s legal landscape. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve deep into the world of ADR, exploring … Read more
INTRODUCTION In olden times, people were not well aware of their fundamental rights and did not know how to seek remedies if such rights were infringed. But in modern times, the concept of due process of law seems to be a natural and only human approach. Now, people are well aware of their fundamental rights … Read more
INTRODUCTION The U.S. Constitution provides fundamental rights to individuals in the Bill of Rights. Though these were not embodied in the original Constitution, they were inserted in the shape of the first ten amendments. The Bill of Rights, i.e. the first ten amendments, was proposed in 1789 and ratified in 1791. FREEDOM OF RELIGION, … Read more
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