INTRODUCTION The Supreme Court of the USA has the power of judicial review and declares any law passed by Congress as null and void if it Contradicts the provisions of the Constitution. The Constitution has not expressly given this power to it, but the Supreme Court has acquired it through its interpretations of the Constitution. … Read more
INTRODUCTION The Supreme Court is the third branch of the federal government. The judiciary consists of a system of Courts headed by the Supreme Court and including subordinate courts throughout the country. The judicial system in the USA is unique in several ways. It was the first federal system in the world. COMPOSITION OF … Read more
PREFACE The ideology of Pakistan, in reality, is the Ideology of Islam. The life of any Nation is subject to either human Ideology or metaphysical Ideology. An ideology emerges when people feel strongly that they are being mistreated under an existing order when fundamental societal changes threaten their status and the prevailing Ideology no longer … Read more
PREFACE The ideology of Pakistan, in reality, is the ideology of Islam. The life of any Nation is subject to either human ideology or metaphysical ideology. An idealogy emerges when people feel strongly that they are being mistreated under an existing order, when their status is threatened by fundamental changes occurring in society, and when … Read more
PREFACE The Ideology of Pakistan, in reality, is the Ideology of Islam. The life of any Nation is subject to either human Ideology or metaphysical Ideology. An ideology emerges when people feel strongly that they are being mistreated under an existing order when fundamental societal changes threaten their status and the prevailing Ideology no longer … Read more
PREFACE The two-nation theory was the basis of the struggle to create Pakistan, which held that Hindus and Muslims are separate nations. Even though they have lived together for centuries, they did not forget their cultures and civilization. In Kitab ul Hind, Alberuni has said, “The two societies, Hindus and Muslims, are like two streams … Read more
PREFACE Sheikh Ahmad Al Farooq Sirhindi, commonly known as Mujaddid Alif Sani, was an Indian Islamic scholar and prominent member of the Naqshbandi Sufi order. He is regarded as having rejuvenated Islam, due to which he is commonly known as “Mujdid Alf Thani”. It means the reviver of the second millennium, referring to the Islamic … Read more
Law Admission Test (LAT) is a standardized test conducted by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. Its aim is to evaluate the academic ability, critical thinking, and analytical skills of candidates seeking admission to the undergraduate five-year LLB program. The test is mandatory and the candidates, aspiring to pursue a degree in law in … Read more
PREFACE In the British government, the candle of Islam was about to blow off in the presence of Hinduism, Christianity, and Sikhism. Still, Shah Waliullah dedicated his life to promoting Islam’s teachings and giving a new Islamic way of life. He made numerous efforts to put an end to the Sikh and Christian religions way. … Read more
INTRODUCTION Law is a set of rules and regulations a society creates to govern people’s behaviour and maintain order. It provides guidelines on how individuals should act and interact with one another and the consequences for violating those rules. The law helps to ensure fairness, protect rights, and resolve disputes. It applies to various aspects … Read more
Introduction A society is a collection of individuals who always work for the community’s prosperity. For this purpose, the organization must have control over its members. Any individual who deviates from the established norms may threaten its welfare. This is possible through social Control and the criminal justice system. Social Control is a mechanism through … Read more
BACKGROUND After the War of Independence, the Muslims were the target of the vengeful activities of the British Government. The Hindus could make the British believe that the Muslims threatened British rule. As a result, national recognition of the Muslims was in severe danger. At that crucial time, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was the first … Read more
INTRODUCTION Law is essential to any society, serving as the framework that governs human behaviour, resolves conflicts, and ensures justice. Throughout history, numerous classifications of law have emerged, each reflecting different approaches and philosophies toward the legal system. Various types of law commonly discussed are imperative law, physical or scientific law, natural law, conventional law, … Read more
Introduction Criminology is an interdisciplinary science. It involves behavioural and biological sciences such as Anthropology, Biology, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Psychiatry, and Political science. It also includes the police sciences such as Criminal law, public administration, victimology, ethics, and penology. Criminology is the entire body of knowledge regarding the causes and prevention of Crime. It also … Read more
BACKGROUND Muslim League was created because the Muslims had to bear the oppression and torture of the Britishers due to their lack of organization and unity. The Muslims were bound to have a well-established organization to avoid British pressure in the future. PREFACE After the War of Independence, establishing the Indian National Congress was … Read more
INTRODUCTION Different writers have used the term Sources of Law in other senses. All the writers expressed their different views from time to time. Sometimes, the term is used in the sense of the sovereign or the State from which law derives its force or validity. Sometimes, it is used to denote the causes of … Read more
Introduction Juvenile delinquency is an act in which a person less than the age of 18 years participates in unlawful and illegal behaviour or activities. Juvenile crimes mainly vary from status offences to property crimes. Relevant Provisions Section 4 of the Juvenile Justice System Act 2018 deals with Juvenile Delinquency. Meaning Juvenile delinquency … Read more
BACKGROUND The Lucknow pact is an essential agreement in the history of Muslims and Hindus. The failure of the British to grant more rights to Muslims and Hindus in 1914 made Muslims and Hindus closer together. Muslims and Hindus wanted to work on constitutional reforms. Hindus were particularly offended by the British because of the … Read more
Introduction Shah Waliullah was a great Muslim thinker and scholar of the 18th century during the declining years of the Mughal Empire. There was a political disorder in the sub-continent in those days. He was greatly impressed by the subcontinent’s rotten political, social, and religious conditions. He supported the movements for Islamic Independence in India … Read more
BACKGROUND The Nehru report was presented in an answer to the information submitted by the Simon Commission. In November 1927, the British Government appointed a statutory commission headed by Sir John Simon to inquire into the constitutional affairs of the country. Indian peCommissionple did not welcome this Commission because all the members were English, and … Read more
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