PREFACE Quaid e Azam became the first governor-general of Pakistan after independence. The last Viceroy of the sub-continent, Lord Mount Batten, came to Karachi on 13 August 1947. On the night between 14 and 15 August, he shifted the rulership to Pakatan from the British Government. The Qaid Azam, the next day, on 15 August, … Read more
INTRODUCTION The term “legal rights” is a problematic concept. In its strict sense, Legal Rights is an assessable claim enforceable before courts and administrative agencies. A legal right is a capacity to assert a secured interest rather than a lawsuit that could be stated in the Courts, and it includes not only rights conferred by … Read more
Introduction Crime is an unlawful activity that a person commits against the interests of the public or society. The person who commits the crime is liable to punishment by law according to the nature of the crime committed. Hence, crime is an unlawful act that is harmful to society and also to its inhabitants. … Read more
INTRODUCTION Direct and indirect sentences, also known as direct and indirect speech or reported speech, are two different ways of writing or expressing what someone else has said. In a direct sentence, the speaker reports what was said, word for word. In an indirect sentence, the speaker reports the same information but does not use … Read more
INTRODUCTION The Constitution of Pakistan, 1956, was an important document framed after a lengthy discussion, confusion, and effort. The making of the Constitution was a historical event that changed Pakistan’s internal and external image. The Constitution also ended an era of constitutional and public frustration in Pakistan. MEANING OF CONSTITUTION According to Black’s Law … Read more
Introduction White-Collar crime is a particular type of crime that is mostly committed by business people, government officials, entrepreneurs, and professionals. These people enjoy a high social position in society and deceive people through bribery, fraud, and cybercrimes. Literal Meaning “A nonviolent crime involving cheating or dishonesty in commercial matters.” Definition According to … Read more
INTRODUCTION An informal letter is a type of personal communication written in an informal or conversational style. It is usually written to a friend, family member, or someone you know well. Informal letters are characterized by their casual tone, relaxed language, and absence of strict rules and regulations. They are used to express personal thoughts, … Read more
INTRODUCTION Ayub Khan took oath as President of Pakistan on 18″ February 1960. Soon after, he formed a ten-member constituent Committee. The committee developed a constitutional script. Ayub Khan, as President of Pakistan, approved and implemented this. The constitutional hand was, therefore, formed. This was a presidential constitution. It had 250 clauses, five headings, and … Read more
INTRODUCTION A formal letter is a type of written communication used in professional settings to convey information, request action or provide instructions. They are often used in business, academic, and government contexts. Formal letters are typically written in a serious and professional tone and follow a specific format. How to Recognize a Formal Letter? … Read more
Introduction Legal systems, often seen as intricate webs of rules and regulations, are the guiding frameworks that shape societies and maintain order. While they may seem complex at first glance, our goal in this article is to demystify the world of legal systems, making them easily understandable using straightforward language and clear explanations. We’ll delve … Read more
PREFACE The Constitution of Pakistan 1973 is the reflection of the democratic aspiration of the people of Pakistan. Constitution is the supreme law of the land and is considered an instrument by which the whole system of Government can run. It determines traits for Federal and Provincial Governments. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE CONSTITUTION On … Read more
Introduction Political science, often perceived as a complex and daunting subject, is a way to unravel the mysteries of politics and government. In this article, we’ll explore political science in a straightforward and accessible manner, using simple language and easy-to-understand sentences. What is Political Science? Political science is the study of politics and government. … Read more
INTRODUCTION The parts of speech are the basic categories into which words in a language can be classified. In English, there are eight parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Each of these speech parts has its unique function in a sentence. CLASSIFICATION Here is a brief overview of … Read more
BACKGROUND In the mid-1950s, Pakistan was like Hobbes’s State of Nature. The Political situation was deteriorating day by day. So on October 7 1958, President Gen Sikender Mirza imposed Martial Law and appointed Gen Muhammad Ayub Khan as the CMLA. PREFACE On October 7, 1958, Sikandar Mirza staged a coup d’etat. He issued a … Read more
INTRODUCTION Articles are a type of determiner in the English language that precede nouns. They provide essential information about the noun and help specify its definiteness or indefiniteness. There are three articles in English: “a,” “an,” and “the.” TYPES OF ARTICLES Here’s a detailed explanation of articles to help you prepare for your exams: … Read more
BACKGROUND The steps for Islamization taken by Zia ul Haq are of great importance in promoting Islam in Pakistan. f The primary aim of the creation of Pakistan was to implement Islamic laws under the light of the Holy Quran and Hadith. After the creation of Pakistan, the people insisted to the government that Islam … Read more
INTRODUCTION Comprehension understanding is reading and understanding a passage or text fully, including its main idea, supporting details, and any underlying themes or concepts. It is an essential skill for students in all academic fields, as it is often tested in exams and required for success in higher education and beyond. This article will discuss … Read more
INTRODUCTION A country’s foreign policy means having relations with the outside world. From the beginning, it is thought for the betterment of the society to have good connections with the people of the border area. In the present times, this thought has gained more importance. No country can prosper without a relationship with other countries. … Read more
What is an Outline? An outline is a way of organizing your thoughts and ideas in a hierarchical structure. It’s a roadmap that helps you to clarify your actions, and to plan the order in which you will present them. An outline is typically comprised of headings and subheadings that indicate the organization of the … Read more
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